Improving Healthcare for the Common Good

DADE References

• General Information on Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in the Elderly (1-5)
• General Information on Anticholinergic Drug Use (6-7)
• Anticholinergic Drugs and Cognitive Impairment (8-15)
• Anticholinergics in Patients Treated for Dementia (16-17)
• Dementia/Cognitive Impairment and Urinary Incontinence (18-20)
• Interventions to Reduce Anticholinergic Drug Use in Elderly (21-25)

1. Fick DM, Cooper JW, Wade WE, Waller JL, Maclean JR, Beers MH. Updating the Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults: results of a US consensus panel of experts. Arch Intern Med. Dec 8-22 2003;163(22):2716-2724.
2. Goulding MR. Inappropriate medication prescribing for elderly ambulatory care patients. Arch Intern Med. Feb 9 2004;164(3):305-312.
3. Zhan C, Sangl J, Bierman AS, et al. Potentially inappropriate medication use in the community-dwelling elderly: findings from the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel survey. JAMA. Dec 12 2001;286(22):2823-2829.
4. Beers MH, Ouslander JG. Risk factors in geriatric drug prescribing. A practical guide to avoiding problems. Drugs. Jan 1989;37(1):105-112.
5. Lau DT, Kasper JD, Potter DE, Lyles A, Bennett RG. Hospitalization and death associated with potentially inappropriate medication prescriptions among elderly nursing home residents. Arch Intern Med. Jan 10 2005;165(1):68-74.
6. Tune LE. Anticholinergic effects of medication in elderly patients. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62 Suppl 21:11-14.
7. Rudd KM, Raehl CL, Bond CA, Abbruscato TJ, Stenhouse AC. Methods for assessing drug-related anticholinergic activity. Pharmacotherapy. Nov 2005;25(11):1592-1601.
8. Ancelin ML, Artero S, Portet F, Dupuy AM, Touchon J, Ritchie K. Non-degenerative mild cognitive impairment in elderly people and use of anticholinergic drugs: longitudinal cohort study. BMJ. Feb 25 2006;332(7539):455-459.
9. Nebes RD, Pollock BG, Meltzer CC, et al. Serum anticholinergic activity, white matter hyperintensities, and cognitive performance. Neurology. Nov 8 2005;65(9):1487-1489.
10. Lechevallier-Michel N, Molimard M, Dartigues JF, Fabrigoule C, Fourrier-Reglat A. Drugs with anticholinergic properties and cognitive performance in the elderly: results from the PAQUID study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. Feb 2005;59(2):143-151.
11. Mulsant BH, Pollock BG, Kirshner M, Shen C, Dodge H, Ganguli M. Serum anticholinergic activity in a community-based sample of older adults: relationship with cognitive performance. Arch Gen Psychiatry. Feb 2003;60(2):198-203.
12. Hilmer SN, Mager DE, Simonsick EM, et al. A drug burden index to define the functional burden of medications in older people. Arch Intern Med. Apr 23 2007;167(8):781-787.
13. Boustani M, Hall KS, Lane KA,et al. The association between cognition and histamine-2 receptor antagonist in African Americans. J Am Geriatr Soc. Aug 2007;55(8):1248-1253.
14. Pomara N, Belzer K, Hernando R, De La Pena C, Sidtis JJ. Increased mental slowing associated with the APOE epsilon4 allele after trihexyphenidyl oral anticholinergic challenge in healthy elderly. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. Feb 2008;16(2):116-124.
15. Rudolph JL, Salow MJ, Angelini MC, McGlinchey RE. The anticholinergic risk scale and anticholinergic adverse effects in older persons. Arch Intern Med. Mar 10 2008;168(5):508-513.
16. Carnahan RM, Lund BC, Perry PJ, Chrischilles EA. The concurrent use of anticholinergics and cholinesterase inhibitors: rare event or common practice? J Am Geriatr Soc. Dec 2004;52(12):2082-2087.
17. Sink KM, Thomas J, 3rd, Xu H, Craig B, Kritchevsky S, Sands LP. Dual use of bladder anticholinergics and cholinesterase inhibitors: long-term functional and cognitive outcomes. J Am Geriatr Soc. May 2008;56(5):847-853.
18. Gill SS, Mamdani M, Naglie G, et al. A prescribing cascade involving cholinesterase inhibitors and anticholinergic drugs. Arch Intern Med. Apr 11 2005;165(7):808-813.
19. Kay G, Crook T, Rekeda L, et al. Differential Effects of the Antimuscarinic Agents Darifenacin and Oxybutynin ER on Memory in Older Subjects. Eur Urol. Aug 2006;50(2):317-326.
20. Epstein BJ, Gums JG, Molina E. Newer agents for the management of overactive bladder. Am Fam Physician. Dec 15 2006;74(12):2061-2068.
21. van Eijk ME, Avorn J, Porsius AJ, de Boer A. Reducing prescribing of highly anticholinergic antidepressants for elderly people: randomised trial of group versus individual academic detailing. Bmj. Mar 17 2001;322(7287):654-657.
22. Kaufman MB, Brodin KA, Sarafian A. Effect of prescriber education on the use of medications contraindicated in older adults in a managed medicare population. J Manag Care Pharm. Apr 2005;11(3):211-219.
23. Smith DH, Perrin N, Feldstein A, et al. The impact of prescribing safety alerts for elderly persons in an electronic medical record: an interrupted time series evaluation. Arch Intern Med. May 22 2006;166(10):1098-1104.
24. Raebel MA, Charles J, Dugan J, et al. Randomized trial to improve prescribing safety in ambulatory elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. Jul 2007;55(7):977-985.
25. van der Velde N, van den Meiracker AH, Pols HA, Stricker BH, van der Cammen TJ. Withdrawal of fall-risk-increasing drugs in older persons: effect on tilt-table test outcomes. J Am Geriatr Soc. May 2007;55(5):734-739.